Domain name resolution is a fundamental process that allows users to access websites using human-readable domain names. In this blog post, we will explore the basic steps involved in domain name resolution, providing you with a clear understanding of how this process works.
Step 1: Requesting a Domain Name
The first step in domain name resolution is the user requesting a domain name. This can be done by entering the domain name into a web browser or by clicking on a link that contains the domain name.
Step 2: Checking the Local DNS Cache
Once a domain name is requested, the local DNS cache is checked to see if the domain name has been previously resolved. The DNS cache stores recently accessed domain names and their corresponding IP addresses. If the domain name is found in the cache, the corresponding IP address is retrieved, and the resolution process is complete.
Step 3: Contacting the Recursive DNS Server
If the domain name is not found in the local DNS cache, the next step is to contact a recursive DNS server. The recursive DNS server acts as an intermediary between the user's device and the authoritative DNS server.
Step 4: Recursive DNS Server Resolution
The recursive DNS server begins the resolution process by sending a query to the authoritative DNS server. The query includes the requested domain name.
Step 5: Authoritative DNS Server Resolution
The authoritative DNS server is responsible for providing the IP address associated with the requested domain name. It receives the query from the recursive DNS server and checks its records for the corresponding IP address.
Step 6: Returning the IP Address
Once the authoritative DNS server finds the IP address, it returns it to the recursive DNS server. The recursive DNS server then stores the IP address in its cache for future use and sends it back to the user's device.
Step 7: Establishing a Connection
With the IP address obtained from the recursive DNS server, the user's device can now establish a connection with the web server hosting the requested website. The device sends a request to the web server using the IP address.
Step 8: Website Display
Finally, the web server receives the request from the user's device and sends back the requested web page. The web page is displayed in the user's web browser, allowing them to access the website.
In conclusion, domain name resolution is a crucial process that enables users to access websites using domain names. By understanding the basic steps involved in domain name resolution, you can have a better grasp of how the internet functions and how websites are accessed.
Remember, the next time you enter a domain name in your web browser, behind the scenes, a series of steps are taking place to translate that domain name into an IP address and connect you to the desired website.
